In 2023, Brazil’s greenhouse gas emissions totaled 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO2 e), measured by the 100-year global warming potential (GWP) according to the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The United Nations Climate Commission. This represents a 12% decrease
Compared to 2022, when the country’s emissions will be 2.6 billion tons. It is the largest reduction in emissions since 2009, the year in which SEEG recorded the lowest levels of climate pollution in the entire historical series starting in 1990 (1.77 gigatonnes of CO2). This decline is mainly explained by deforestation behavior in the Amazon region. In 2023, Lula’s government resumed destruction control policies that had been gradually weakened since Dilma Rousseff’s second term (2014-2016), and dismantled during the administration of Jair Bolsonaro (2019-2022). The current government, elected on the basis of a promise to prioritize the environment and climate agenda and eliminate deforestation in the country by 2030, re-established the PPCDAm plan (Plan to Prevent and Combat Deforestation in the Legal Amazon), which was canceled in 2019. It also adopted a series of measures Command and control measures led to a 22% reduction in the official rate of deforestation in 2022, measured by Inpe’s Prodes system. This resulted in a 37% reduction in emissions from deforestation.
Even with increases in emissions from deforestation in the Cerrado, Caatinga, Pantanal and Atlantic Forest, the total decline in the land use change (MUT) sector was 24%. Despite this, the destruction of Brazilian biomes released nearly 1.1 billion tons of total emissions last year – equivalent to the combined emissions of Canada and the United Kingdom.
All other sectors of the economy saw an increase in emissions last year. The most significant increase of 2.2% occurred in agriculture, which released 631 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e) into the atmosphere, compared to 617 million tons of carbon dioxide in 2022. In the energy sector, the increase was 1.1% (420 million tons of carbon dioxide compared to 420 million tons of carbon dioxide). (417 million tons of CO2), while the industrial processes sector grew by 0.9% (from 90 million tons of CO2 to 91 million tons of CO2), and the waste sector by 0.2% (from 91 million tons of CO2 Carbon in 2022 to 92 million tons of carbon dioxide and last year). In these sectors, the increase came on the heels of a warming economy, which saw a 2.9% increase in GDP.
As was consistent in the SEEG data, changes in land use accounted for the majority of total Brazilian emissions: 46% in 2023, compared to 53% in 2022. Add emissions from deforestation and other changes in land use for agricultural sector production to those emissions from the agricultural sector , concluded that agricultural activity accounts for 74% of total Brazilian climate pollution. According to recent data from the MapBiomas Consortium, 90% of the area deforested in the Brazilian Amazon in the past 39 years was pasture as its first use, which occupied 77% of the deforested area in 2020. The area has been expanded Pastures. 363% since 1985. . Source: Climate Observatory
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